一、三种模式对比
| 维度 | 固定收费 | 半风险(基础费+提成) | 全风险(不成功不收费) |
| 前期支出 | 高(全额或分期预付) | 中(基础费用较低) | 低/无律师费 |
| 胜诉后总成本 | 最低、确定 | 中等 | 最高(按标的额比例提成) |
| 律师动力 | 依赖职业操守 | 混合激励 | 与结果深度绑定 |
| 败诉成本 | 律师费不退 | 基础费不退 | 免律师费,但办案支出通常仍需承担 |
| 适合谁 | 证据充分、把握大、现金流好 | 有一定把握但想对冲 | 把握存疑、现金流紧张、金额大 |
二、必须知道的三条红线
- 禁止风险代理的案件:刑事、行政、国家赔偿、群体性案件;婚姻继承、社保、低保、赡养费抚养费、劳动报酬等案件一律不得风险代理。谁在这些案子里提"不赢不收费",本身就是违规信号。
- 法定费率上限:按司法部等三部门 2021 年规范律师服务收费的意见,风险代理最高收费按标的额分段计算(100 万以下部分 ≤18%,100–500 万 ≤15%,500–1000 万 ≤12%,1000–5000 万 ≤9%,5000 万以上 ≤6%)。超过上限的约定可依法主张调整。
- "不成功不收费"≠零成本:诉讼费、保全费、保险费、鉴定费、差旅费等通常仍由委托人承担,签合同前逐项确认哪些包含、哪些自付。
三、选择框架:三个问题定模式
- 问题 1:我对结果的把握有多大?把握大(书证完整、法律关系清晰)→ 固定收费,把胜诉收益留给自己。
- 问题 2:现金流允许吗?现金流紧张 → 半风险/全风险是把律师费"分期"到胜诉后的方式。
- 问题 3:金额值得分给律师多少?标的 500 万、胜诉把握高 → 全风险可能分走远超固定费的钱。算一笔账再签。
四、合同里必须写清的五件事
- "成功"的定义:一审胜诉?执行到位?调解算不算?
- 提成基数:按判决金额、执行到位金额还是和解金额计?
- 办案支出的承担方与垫付方式。
- 一审败诉后二审是否另行收费。
- 中途解约的结算规则。
⚠️ 本文为一般性信息,不构成法律意见。收费政策以现行有效的法规文件和委托合同约定为准,各省可能存在差异。
1. Three structures compared
| Fixed fee | Hybrid | Full contingency |
| Upfront cost | High | Medium | Minimal |
| Total cost if you win | Lowest, certain | Medium | Highest |
| Incentive alignment | Relies on professionalism | Mixed | Strongly outcome-linked |
| Best for | Strong case, healthy cash flow | Partial hedging | Uncertain case, tight cash, large amount |
2. Three red lines
- Contingency fees are prohibited for criminal, administrative, state compensation, group litigation cases, plus marriage/inheritance, social insurance, alimony/child support and wage claims.
- Statutory caps apply: under the 2021 joint directive, contingency fees are capped on a sliding scale by claim size (e.g. ≤18% on the first RMB 1M, declining to ≤6% above RMB 50M).
- "No win, no fee" ≠ zero cost: court fees, preservation, expert and travel costs are usually still yours — confirm in writing.
3. Decision framework
Confidence in outcome → fixed fee. Cash-flow constrained → contingency defers fees. Do the math: on a large, winnable claim, contingency can cost far more than a fixed fee.
4. Five must-have contract clauses
Definition of success; commission base (judgment vs recovered amount); who bears case expenses; appeal fees; early-termination settlement.
⚠️ General information only, not legal advice.